Category: Webservers

Activate GZIP compression in Apache

March 30, 2009

Create a file at /etc/httpd/conf.d/deflate.conf with the following contents:

SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

# Don't compress picture files
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ \ no-gzip dont-vary

# Don't compress compressed files
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:exe|t?gz|zip|bz2|sit|rar)$ \no-gzip dont-vary

# Don't compress pdf's
SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.pdf$ no-gzip dont-vary

SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

# Don't compress picture files

SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ \ no-gzip dont-vary

# Don't compress compressed files

SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.(?:exe|t?gz|zip|bz2|sit|rar)$ \no-gzip dont-vary

# Don't compress pdf's

SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI \.pdf$ no-gzip dont-vary

Apache MaxClients

March 30, 2009

Determine the “max process size”:

ps -ylChttpd --sort=rss |less

1	ps -ylChttpd --sort=rss \|less

will give output like:

S   UID   PID  PPID  C PRI  NI   RSS    SZ WCHAN  TTY          TIME CMD
S    48 21481 20626  0  75   0  9028 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 21487 20626  0  75   0  9040 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 21482 20626  0  75   0  9064 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 21486 20626  0  75   0  9088 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 21485 20626  0  75   0  9096 75762 semtim ?        00:00:00 httpd
S    48 21488 20626  0  75   0  9104 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 21017 20626  0  75   0  9116 75762 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 21019 20626  0  75   0  9168 75762 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 20645 20626  0  75   0  9188 75762 semtim ?        00:00:03 httpd
S    48 20703 20626  0  75   0  9304 75795 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20628 20626  0  75   0  9324 75795 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20629 20626  0  75   0  9376 75829 -      ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20630 20626  0  75   0  9408 75829 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 20633 20626  0  75   0  9412 75829 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20634 20626  0  75   0  9432 75829 -      ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20631 20626  0  75   0  9448 75829 semtim ?        00:00:01 httpd
S    48 20632 20626  0  75   0  9692 75800 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20704 20626  0  75   0  9788 75795 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20635 20626  0  75   0 10016 75964 semtim ?        00:00:02 httpd
S    48 20705 20626  0  75   0 10040 75964 semtim ?        00:00:03 httpd
S     0 20626     1  0  78   0 14768 75729 -      ?        00:00:00 httpd

S UID PID PPID C PRI NI RSS SZ WCHAN TTY TIME CMD

S 48 21481 20626 0 75 0 9028 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 21487 20626 0 75 0 9040 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 21482 20626 0 75 0 9064 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 21486 20626 0 75 0 9088 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 21485 20626 0 75 0 9096 75762 semtim ? 00:00:00 httpd

S 48 21488 20626 0 75 0 9104 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 21017 20626 0 75 0 9116 75762 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 21019 20626 0 75 0 9168 75762 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 20645 20626 0 75 0 9188 75762 semtim ? 00:00:03 httpd

S 48 20703 20626 0 75 0 9304 75795 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20628 20626 0 75 0 9324 75795 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20629 20626 0 75 0 9376 75829 - ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20630 20626 0 75 0 9408 75829 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 20633 20626 0 75 0 9412 75829 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20634 20626 0 75 0 9432 75829 - ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20631 20626 0 75 0 9448 75829 semtim ? 00:00:01 httpd

S 48 20632 20626 0 75 0 9692 75800 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20704 20626 0 75 0 9788 75795 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20635 20626 0 75 0 10016 75964 semtim ? 00:00:02 httpd

S 48 20705 20626 0 75 0 10040 75964 semtim ? 00:00:03 httpd

S 0 20626 1 0 78 0 14768 75729 - ? 00:00:00 httpd

Use the largest value in the RSS column. In this case 14768. The number is in KB of memory. Determine MaxClients by dividing the available memory by the max process size. Keep in mind that MySQL and other applications may need some memory. Here’s a one liner to get max per process usage:

ps -ylChttpd --sort=rss | cut -f 16 -d " " | grep -v RSS | sort -n -r | head -1

1	ps -ylChttpd --sort=rss \| cut -f 16 -d " " \| grep -v RSS \| sort -n -r \| head -1

Convert SSL cert from PK12 to PEM

January 14, 2009

Here’s the openssl command to convert an SSL cert/key from PK12 (windows) to PEM format:


openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pfx -out cert.pem -nodes

openssl pkcs12 -in cert.pfx -out cert.pem -nodes

Java Keytool to OpenSSL

October 29, 2008

Extract the certificate


keytool -export -alias mykey -keystore  mpestore.dat -file  exported-der.crt

openssl x509 -noout -text -in exported-der.crt -inform der

openssl x509 -out exported-pem.crt -outform pem -in exported-der.crt -inform der

keytool -export -alias mykey -keystore mpestore.dat -file exported-der.crt

openssl x509 -noout -text -in exported-der.crt -inform der

openssl x509 -out exported-pem.crt -outform pem -in exported-der.crt -inform der

Extract private key


mkdir t
cd t
wget http://www.source-code.biz/snippets/java/Base64Coder.java.txt
wget http://mark.foster.cc/pub/java/ExportPriv.java
javac ExportPriv.java Base64Coder.java
java ExportPriv keystore alias password > exported-pkcs8.key

mkdir t

cd t

wget http://www.source-code.biz/snippets/java/Base64Coder.java.txt

wget http://mark.foster.cc/pub/java/ExportPriv.java

javac ExportPriv.java Base64Coder.java

java ExportPriv keystore alias password > exported-pkcs8.key

See http://conshell.net/wiki/index.php/Keytool_to_OpenSSL_Conversion_tips

Fix Plesk DBWebAdmin table copy problem

October 27, 2008

When trying to use the table copy operation in Plesk DBWebAdmin and error is received due to no space between the auto increment and default charset keywords. The following patch can be manually applied to: /usr/local/psa/admin/htdocs/domains/databases/phpMyAdmin/sqlparser.lib.php to fix the problem.


--- trunk/phpMyAdmin/libraries/sqlparser.lib.php	2006/03/28 11:37:55	8834
+++ trunk/phpMyAdmin/libraries/sqlparser.lib.php	2006/07/30 11:21:59	9205
@@ -2093,6 +2093,12 @@
                         $after     .= ' ';
                     }
                     // workaround for
+                    // AUTO_INCREMENT = 31DEFAULT_CHARSET = utf-8
+
+                    if ($typearr[2] == 'alpha_columnAttrib' && $typearr[3] == 'alpha_reservedWord') {
+                        $before .= ' ';
+                    }
+                    // workaround for
                     // select * from mysql.user where binary user="root"
                     // binary is marked as alpha_columnAttrib
                     // but should be marked as a reserved word